Oprema
Foto: CZJ
The Oprema (Optikrechenmaschine = computer for optical calculations) was a
relay computer whose development was initiated by Herbert Kortum and
which was designed and built by a team under the leadership of Wilhelm Kämmerer at
Carl Zeiss Jena (CZJ) in 1954 and 1955. Basic experiments, design and construction
of machine-1 were all done, partly concurrently, in the remarkably short time of about
14 months. Shortly after the electronic G 2 of Heinz Billing in Göttingen it was the
7th universal computer in Germany and the 1st in the GDR. The Oprema consisted of two
identical machines. One machine consisted of about 8,300 relays, 45,000 selenium
rectifiers and 250 km cable.
The main reason for the construction of the Oprema were the computational needs of CZJ,
which was the leading company for optics and precision mechanics in the GDR.
During its lifetime (1955–1963) the Oprema worked for CZJ and a number of other
institutes and companies of the GDR.
- T: Winkler, Jürgen F. H.:
Als die Informatik noch nicht Informatik hiess:
der Relaisrechner Oprema im Zeisswerk am Ernst-Abbe-Platz
[When Informatics was not yet called Informatics:
The Relay Computer Oprema in the Zeiss Works at the Ernst-Abbe-Platz].
Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, 2014Oct25.
(pdf)
- Winkler, Jürgen F. H.:
Konrad Zuse und die Optik-Rechenmaschine in Jena
[Konrad Zuse and the Optic Computer at Jena].
Log In (0720-8642) 166/167 (2010) 132–136.
(pdf)
- Symposium: Von der Oprema bis zum Campusgrid – Ein halbes Jahrhundert Rechner in Jena
[From Oprema to the Campus Grid –
Half a Century of Computers in Jena], 2008Oct25.
(Program)
- T: Winkler, Jürgen F. H.:
Die Oprema - der Relaisrechner des Zeisswerks Jena
[The Oprema - the Zeiss Works' Relay Computer].
Farewell Lecture, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, 2008Oct25.
(pdf)
- Kerner, I. O.:
OPREMA und ZRA 1 – die Rechenmaschinen der Firma Carl Zeiss Jena
[OPREMA and ZRA 1 – The Computing Machines of the Carl Zeiss Company Jena].
In: Naumann, F.; Schade, G. (eds.): Informatik in der DDR – eine Bilanz
[Informatics in the GDR – A Review].
Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn, 2006, 978-3-88579-420-2, 147–177.
(pdf)
- Mühlhausen, E.:
OPREMA und ZRA 1 – Frühe Entwicklungen der digitalen Rechentechnik im Zeisswerk Jena
[OPREMA and ZRA 1 – Early Developments of Digital Computing in the Zeiss Works Jena].
In: Kramer, Lothar (ed.): Jenaer Jahrbuch zur Technik- und Industriegeschichte Band 2
[Jenaer Yearbook on the History of Technology and Industry, vol. 2],
Glaux-Verlag, Jena, 1999, 3-931743-10-1, 109–127.
(info + pdf)
- Mühlhausen, E.:
Am Anfang war OPREMA . . . [In the Beginning was OPREMA . . .].
rechentechnik/datenverarbeitung (0300-3450) 24, 7 (1987) 34–36.
(pdf)
- Kämmerer, W.:
Beschreibung der Oprema in den "Ziffernrechenautomaten" von 1960
[Description of the Oprema in his "Ziffernrechenautomaten" of 1960].
(pdf)
- Kämmerer, W.:
Die Relaistechnik am Rechenautomaten Oprema des VEB Carl Zeiss Jena
[The Relay Technology of the Computing Automaton Oprema of VEB Carl Zeiss Jena].
Feingerätetechnik 7, 1 (1958) 13–20.
(pdf)
- Kämmerer, W.:
Die programmgesteuerte Rechenanlage "Oprema" [The program-controlled computing device "Oprema"].
MTW-Mitteilungen III, 5 (1956) 127–132.
(pdf)
- Kämmerer, W.:
Ausführlicher Abschlußbericht – Feinjustierung der Oprema
[Detailed and final report – Vernier adjustment of the Oprema].
1956Jan15, UACZ, BACZ 21563.
- Kämmerer, W.; Kortum, H.:
Oprema, die programmgesteuerte Zwillings-Rechenanlage des VEB Carl Zeiss Jena
[Oprema, the program-controlled twin-computer of the VEB Carl Zeiss Jena].
Feingerätetechnik 4, 3 (1955) 103–106.
(pdf)
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Zeiss Archives